Cases

Typical scenarios within this site’s subject: questions to ask, materials to prepare and points that can be examined.

Typical scenarios

Compression blocks described as a montage boundary

If a photographic report treats square patches around an object as insertion traces, compression and repeated saving need checking as alternatives. Several explanations may be possible, so the specific materials are examined in full, preserving information about their provenance and preparation conditions. The proposition to be tested is defined before comparative assessment of the features.

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Typical scenarios

Repeated texture and a retouching hypothesis

If similar patches recur in a wall photograph, they may be taken as copying traces, although the surface itself may have a regular pattern. Several explanations may be possible, so the specific materials are examined in full, preserving information about their provenance and preparation conditions. The proposition to be tested is defined before comparative assessment of the features.

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Typical scenarios

A defect is measured using a ruler in the background

If a photograph is used to estimate a panel defect, a nearby ruler may lie behind the surface being examined. In a typical situation, the photograph is oblique and the parties calculate length from pixel ratios without checking camera distance or the position of the reference object.

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Typical scenarios

A highlight in a photograph is taken for damage

If a damage claim relies on a bright line in a photograph, the image's evidential capabilities need assessing first. Suppose photographs show the same area under different lighting, but the item itself is unavailable.

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Typical scenarios

Photographs of one event have different dates in their file properties

If two parties provide similar event photographs with different file dates, those dates alone do not prove separate photo sessions. A field may describe capture, saving, export or copying. Original files and an account of how each reached the supplied set are important.

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Forensic examination of photographic images
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